我国低硒带典型景观植物硒的研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

黄毅坚  谭见安 《地理学报》1990,45(4):451-456

本研究在我国低硒带的东北端和西南端分别选取了针阔叶混交林景观和云南松林景观,并且在低硒带内的克山病和大骨节病非病区与东南非病带选取了落叶阔叶林景观和马尾松林景观为对照景观,系统地采集了上述各不同景观的主要植物和土壤,对硒进行了分析。结果发现,在我国低硒带的东北瑞和西南瑞景观的主要植物含硒量显著地低于对照景观,同时景观内土壤硒也明显地低于划分我国低硒生态景观的阈值,从天然植物的角度进一步对我国低硒带客观存在这一科学论断进行了补充。  相似文献   

旋链角毛藻对中肋骨条藻化感作用的影响因素   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张议文  王江涛  谭丽菊 《海洋学报》2014,36(2):123-129

在已知旋链角毛藻对中肋骨条藻具有化感作用的前提下,进行了温度、生长时期、光照、细菌等因素对旋链角毛藻化感作用的影响、化感物质的萃取及粗提物对中肋骨条藻的化感效应检验等实验,研究了旋链角毛藻化感物质的性质、降解特点,并初步测定了化感物质的结构。结果表明:旋链角毛藻化感作用与生长时期有关,指数期滤液化感作用强于衰亡期;旋链角毛藻的化感物质在50℃以下保持稳定,光和细菌均引起旋链角毛藻化感物质的降解,且细菌降解强于光降解;旋链角毛藻的乙酸乙酯萃取物具有明显的化感活性,该萃取物在255～260 nm处有特征吸收峰。综合以上结果,推测旋链角毛藻化感物质可能为分解温度在50℃以上的易被光和细菌降解的苯衍生物,从极性上看较易溶于乙酸乙酯。  相似文献   

Enhanced Arctic Ice Concentration Estimation Merging MODIS Ice Surface Temperature and SSM/I Sea-Ice Concentration     

Wenxia Tan  K. Andrea Scott  Ellsworth LeDrew 《大气与海洋》2014,52(2):115-124

Ice concentration data from passive microwave sensors are not reliable during the summer melt season. In this study passive microwave ice concentration estimates are improved upon through the assimilation of ice surface temperature data from the Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). Ice concentration from the analysis is converted to ice extent and compared with data from the Interactive Multisensor Snow and Ice Mapping System (IMS). Ice concentration analysis from data assimilation is in better agreement with the IMS data than the original passive microwave data, with the largest improvements occurring during sea-ice melt.  相似文献   

Evolution of meteorological drought characteristics in Vietnam during the 1961–2007 period     

Hang Vu-Thanh  Thanh Ngo-Duc  Tan Phan-Van 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2014,118(3):367-375

The drought conditions over the seven sub-climatological regions in Vietnam are examined using three meteorological drought indices: de Martonne J, PED, and Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI). According to the seasonal probabilities of drought occurrence estimated by the de Martonne index, droughts mainly occur between November and March in all the sub-regions. The PED index and the SPI index generally show high probabilities of drought occurrence from April to August and from May to October, respectively. In the southern sub-regions of Vietnam, droughts more frequently occur in El Niño years and wet conditions are more frequently observed in La Niña years. However, such El Niño–Southern Oscillation influences are not clearly observed in the northern sub-regions. During 1961–2007, droughts significantly increased in the northern part of Vietnam. In the southern regions, PED shows increasing drought conditions while J and SPI show decreasing drought trends for almost all the stations.  相似文献   

2012年初欧洲严寒天气成因的分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

陈雄  李崇银  谭言科  郭文华 《气象科学》2014,34(2):213-221

2012年初欧洲遭受了严重的低温严寒天气。分析表明:从对流层低层到高层持续的大气环流异常与此次严寒天气有着密切的联系,1、2月出现的北极涛动(AO)的强负异常是造成此次欧洲严寒天气的主要原因。AO负异常导致北大西洋副高异常偏强、偏东和偏北,使得暖湿空气沿副高北侧流向北极地区,极大减弱了欧洲暖湿空气的来源;同时使乌拉尔山高压强度偏强,位置偏西偏北,有利于上游偏强、偏北的大西洋副高的维持,并加强了极区冷空气南下西进,造成了南欧地区的严寒天气。AO负异常引起的地中海低压槽的加深,为北方冷空气的南下创造了有利条件,也使冷暖空气在地中海北岸交汇,从而导致亚平宁半岛和巴尔干半岛的暴雪天气。虽然La Nia事件对这次严寒天气也有一定的贡献,但AO负异常对这次严寒天气的作用远远大于La Nia事件的作用。  相似文献   

广东省能见度自动观测系统资料评估分析与订正     

夏冬  吴志权  谭浩波  袁志扬  陈玲  黄培光  尹淑娴  罗鵾 《气象科技》2014,42(1):68-72

利用广东省能见度自动观测系统22个站点2011年的人工观测和自动观测的能见度资料,分析了人工观测与自动观测的能见度资料的相关系数、均方根误差等,并对自动观测资料进行了订正。分析结果显示:人工观测与自动观测能见度的分布大致相同,表现为沿海的能见度高于内陆,粤东高于粤西,主要低能见度区域集中在珠江三角洲和粤西的内陆地区;自动观测能见度的准确性主要受到仪器工作原理局限性、气溶胶类型和气象条件的影响。对能见度自动观测资料订正结果显示:订正后,在低能见度时,大部分站点的均方根误差在3km以内;在高能见度时,大部分站点均方根误差在8km以内,平均为6km左右。利用统计方法对器测能见度值作数据订正,能有效减小测量误差,使能见度自动观测系统能基本满足能见度自动化观测需要,特别是低能见度事件的服务需求。  相似文献   

Copula函数在广西洪涝灾害的降水概率预测中的应用     

倪增华  刘合香  罗彦丽  谭金凯 《气象研究与应用》2014,(2):32-39

为了研究洪涝的重要致灾源因子降水的概率,利用广西从1970年-2012年的降水数据,以年降水均值（X）和年降水极值均值（Y）为研究变量,通过Copula函数构建其联合分布.经过OLS,AIC拟合优度评价,采用Copula函数中拟合效果较好的Gumbel-Hougaard Copula函数建立边缘分布为Pearson-Ⅲ型的两变量的联合分布.随后,进行相应的重现期计算,计算结果表明,在联合重现期下的两变量降水设计值比单变量设计值和同现重现期下的设计值都要高,故采用联合重现期下的联合设计值作为防洪标准会更加安全.最后,对比降水数据与灾情数据,研究降水重现期与洪涝灾情的关系.结果表明,降水的重现期越长,洪涝灾害也越严重.  相似文献   

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王伟  杨少敏  谭凯  赵斌  黄勇  张彩红  王迪晋 《大地测量与地球动力学》2014,34(3):75-80

?????й??????????????1999~2013????й?????????????????2009~2013???GPS????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????1????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????й????????????????????????????????????????????????Σ?77°E?????????45×10^-9/a???????????Σ?86°E?????????10×10^-9/a;2)???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????50~60??×10^-9/a??????????????40~50??×10^-9/a????????GPS?????????????10~15??mm/a??????????????????;3)?????????????????????????????????38°N?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????к?????????????????????????????????????????????Σ??????????????10~20??×10^-9/a???????????????;4)??????????????????????????????????б??Σ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????40×10^-9/a??5)????????????????λ???????????78°E??????????????30×10^-9/a??  相似文献   

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邹舟  杜瑞林  卢海燕  胡国庆  马武刚  吴艳霞  谭业春 《大地测量与地球动力学》2014,34(4):172-174

???????У???????????????????μ????б??????á?????????????е?VP??б?????У???????????????9.414 mV/ms??  相似文献   

Effect of dietary potassium on growth,nitrogen metabolism,osmoregulation and immunity of pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) reared in low salinity seawater     

LIU Hongyu  ZHANG Xinjie  TAN Beiping  LIN Yingbo  CHI Shuyan  DONG Xiaohui  and YANG Qihui 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,13(2):311-320

An 8 weeks feeding experiment was conducted to determine the effect of dietary potassium on the growth and physiological acclimation of Pacific white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei) reared in diluted seawater(salinity 4). Six semi-purified practical diets containing 0.59, 0.96, 1.26, 1.48, 1.74, and 2.17+ g potassium K per 100 g diet were formulated, respectively. The survival and feed conversion rate did not show significant difference among groups of shrimps given these diets(P0.05). The shrimps fed the diets containing 0.96-1.48 g K+ per 100 g diet gained the highest weight, specific growth rate, and protein efficiency ratio. Their ammonium-N excretion rate as well as hemolymph concentration of Na+ and Cl- were significantly lower than those of the control(P0.05), but a reverse trend was observed for their gill Na+/K+-ATPase. Moreover, the shrimps fed with 1.48 g K+ per 100 g diet were the highest in hemolymph urea level, and the phenoloxidase and lysozyme activities were significantly higher than those of the control(P0.05). The growth and physiological response of the test shrimps suggested that diet containing 1.48 g K+ per 100 g diet improved the growth of L. vannamei in low-salinity seawater, and enhanced the physiological acclimation of the organism.  相似文献